2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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# Python string 与 bytes 之间的转换
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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总的来说,bytes 和 string 的关系是:
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bytes ---decode--> string
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bytes <--encode--- string
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常见的几种编码及格式:
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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* utf8:形如\xe4\xbb\x8a\xe5\xa4
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* unicode:形如\u4eca\u5929\u5929\u6c14\u4e0d\u9519
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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如果 "\" 变成了 "\\" 说明原字符串是编码后的格式,变成 "\\" 是因为转换成了bytes。
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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## 1.string 转 bytes
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```python
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s = "abc" # string
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s = "abc".encode() # bytes,encode 默认编码方式是 utf-8
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s = b"abc" # bytes
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# 或
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s = "abc" # string
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s = bytes(s, encoding = "utf8") # bytes
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```
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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## 2.bytes 转 string
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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2020-10-13 14:26:49 +08:00
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```python
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s = b"abc" # bytes
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s = b"abc".decode() # string,encode 默认编码方式是 utf-8
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s = str(b"") # string
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# 或
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s = b"abc" # bytes
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s = str(s, encoding = "utf8") # string
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```
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## 3.bytes 类型的 unicode(中文)输出
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```python
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s = '\\u4eca\\u5929\\u5929\\u6c14\\u4e0d\\u9519' # 中文是:今天天气真不错
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new_s = s.encode().decode('unicode_escape') # 输出为:今天天气真不错
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2020-10-13 13:34:32 +08:00
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```
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